Part D: Sound and light signals

Rule 32: Definitions The word “whistle” means any sound signalling appliance capable of producing the prescribed blasts and which complies with the specifications in annex III to these regulations. Note: the annex is not included in these notes. The grade 11 and 12 learners are not required to know these specifications. The term “short blast”…

Part C: Lights and shapes

RULE 20: Application Rules in this part shall be complied with in all weathers. The rules concerning lights shall be complied with from sunset to sunrise, and during such times no other lights shall be exhibited, except such lights as cannot be mistaken for the lights specified in these rules or do not impair their…

Section III: Conduct of a vessel in restricted visibility

RULE 19: Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility This rule applies to vessels not in sight of one another when navigating in or near an area of restricted visibility. Every vessel shall proceed at a safe speed adapted to the prevailing circumstances and condition of restricted visibility. A power driven vessel shall have her engines…

Part B – Steering and sailing rules – Section I

SECTION I – CONDUCT OF VESSELS IN ANY CONDITION OF VISIBILITY RULE 4 : Application. Rules in this section apply to any condition of visibility. RULE 5: Look-out. Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight as well by hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing…

Mechanical advantage

All of the above tackles/purchases are designed to increase the power utilised to the effect achieved. Because of friction between the ropes and sheaves, the actual (theoretical) weight lifted can be roughly calculated as being: Weight + (1/10 x weight) for each sheave. The mechanical advantage gained can be found by counting the number of…

Purchases and tackles

Purchase. A purchase is a combination of blocks or pulleys rove with a rope, wire or chain. Tackle. A tackle is a purchase consisting of a rope rove and through two or more blocks, in such a way that any pull applied to the hauling part, is increased by an amount depending upon the number…

Blocks and tackles

In order to lift heavier weights, a system of blocks and tackles was gradually introduced. Originally they were made out of wood, but as the loads got heavier and they had to withstand harder work they were made out of steel. It is very rare these days to find a block made out of wood.…

Cargo working gear.

Cargo working gear consists of shackles, cranes, derricks and their associated equipment, masts and Sampson posts and the wires/ropes used to connect them all together. Shackles. Types: Shackles are named according to their different shapes, ie “D” or “Straight backed”, “Bow” or “Harp” shackles. One other type which is not used in cargo work is…